Security

Securing Your Installation

SBM Configurator warns you if your installation currently uses default certificates (which should be replaced) or if your current certificates will expire soon.

To secure SBM in a single server installation:

1. Launch SBM Configurator.
2. Click the Security tab.
3. Click the Secure SBM sub-tab.
4. Click the Generate All button. This operation creates new unique key pairs.
5. Click the Apply button.

To secure SBM in a distributed server installation:

1. Launch SBM Configurator on the server that hosts the Single Sign-On (SSO) component. (View the Components tab in SBM Configurator to determine which server has SSO installed if you are not sure).
2. Click the Security tab.
3. Click the Secure SBM sub-tab.
4. Click the Generate All button. This operation creates new unique key pairs.
5. Click the Apply button.

   If you are using the Configuration Settings database to store the configuration from all servers in a centralized location, click Update From Database, and then Apply on your other servers. You have now successfully secured your entire installation.

   If you are not using the Configuration Settings database, proceed with the next step.

6. Click the Export All button. This operation creates a .zip file that contains the new unique key pairs. Enter a password for the keystores in the .zip file and save the file locally.
7. Copy the .zip file to each other server in your distributed installation.
8. Navigate to the Secure SBM sub-tab on each server and click the Import All button. Browse to the .zip file that you saved in the previous step.

To secure SBM in a multi-environment (path to production) installation:

1. Launch SBM Configurator on the production server that hosts the Single Sign-On (SSO) component. (View the Components tab in SBM Configurator to determine which server has SSO installed if you are not sure).
2. Click the Security tab.
3. Click the Secure SBM sub-tab.
4. Click the Generate All button. This operation creates new unique key pairs.
5. Click the Apply button.

   If you are using the Configuration Settings database to store the configuration from all servers in a centralized location, click Update From Database, and then Apply on your other servers. You have now successfully secured your entire multi-environment installation.

   If you are not using the Configuration Settings database, proceed with the next step.

6. Click the Export All button. This operation creates a .zip file that contains the new unique key pairs. Enter a password for the keystores in the .zip file and save the file locally.
7. Copy the .zip file to each of the other servers in each of the environments throughout your installation.
8. Navigate to the Secure SBM sub-tab on each server and click the Import All button. Browse to the .zip file that you saved in the previous step.

Working With Trust Keys

You can also generate, import, and export key pairs for individual components in utility mode. You can use the options in the Actions menu to establish trust relationships with other products.

In the Trust Keys section, click the Actions link, and then select one of the following options:

• Generate key pair – Click Generate Key pair to create a new unique signing key. For example, you can generate a new key pair for each component that is listed in the Components group box to create a unique trust between the selected component and the other SBM entities on the server.
• Import key pair – Click Import Key pair if you want to import key pairs. This does not import the certificates that are exported from SBM Configurator; instead, it imports a key pair that has been generated outside of SBM Configurator.
• Export Key pair – Click Export Key pair if you want to export a key pair for a selected component.
• Export Certificate – If you have integrated SBM with other products that use SSO, their truststores need to be updated as well. SBM Configurator cannot perform the update on these other products; therefore, click Export Certificate to export the certificate and save it as a local file and then import it into each product's truststore manually. Please refer to the documentation for these other products for assistance with importing the certificate.

Web Application Firewall

This option controls the ModSecurity web application firewall in SBM, which enables you to implement tighter security screening for your SBM installation. You can choose to enable threat detection logging (via the Log option), or threat detection logging and request filtering (via the Block option) depending on your needs. For details on ModSecurity, refer to https://www.modsecurity.org/.

This feature enables Support to address security concerns quickly, in a focused manner without the need to install a patch or upgrade to address potential vulnerabilities. For example, if a vulnerability is discovered, Support can provide a ModSecurity configuration rule that addresses the issue.

Note that the default configuration that is provided with SBM contains a basic set of rules that tighten system security; however, you will ultimately need to customize the ModSecurity rules in order to block specific requests or threats as necessary.

The web application firewall is enabled via a module (ModSecurity IIS) in IIS that SBM Configurator adds to each SBM application in IIS. The module uses a set of pre-defined rules in configuration files that are located in the following directory:

installDir\SBM\Application
            Engine\modsecurity\config

If you add or modify any rules in the configuration files, you must reset IIS for the changes to take effect. For more information about ModSecurity rules, refer to solution S141332.

Select one of the following options to configure the firewall:

• Log

  Enables threat detection logging only. Captures potential vulnerabilities and writes them to the Application Event Log on the SBM Application Engine server.

• Block

  Enables threat detection logging and filters requests (according to your configuration rules) that are considered dangerous.

• Off

  No threat detection or filtering is enabled. This is the default option.

Configuring SSL/TLS Protocols

If your system requires older versions of the SSL and TLS protocols, select the protocols as needed in the SSL/TLC Protocols section. Use caution, however, as these older versions contain known security vulnerabilities that could expose your system to malicious attacks. Do not enable legacy protocols unless absolutely necessary.

Setting the SSO Session Lifetime

Enter a Session lifetime value for SSO security tokens. This setting controls the length of time for which an issued SSO token is valid. It is not related to browser session inactivity. Enter a numeric value and select hours or minutes in the drop down box to set the timeout.

To change the session timeout value:

1. In the Session lifetime field, enter a numeric value (which represents the number of hours or minutes for the timeout period).
2. In the drop down box, select hour or minutes to set the timeout.
3. Select Enable automatic session renewal if you want to ignore the token lifetime setting completely, thereby preventing a trip to the SSO Security Server login page when the session expires. After this setting is enabled, the next time a session expires, the SSO Gatekeeper renews the expired token instead of the SSO server. In that case, the session only ends by closing the browser.
   Note: If you enable this setting in a distributed server environment, you must run SBM Configurator on each server and enable this setting.

Establishing SSL for the SSO Log in

If you enable this setting in a distributed server environment, you must enable this setting on both the SBM Application Engine server and the Application Repository server.

Updating SSO Keystores

To update the default password:

1. Click Change Keystore Passwords.
2. A window appears and displays the current password. (The default is changeit).
3. Enter a new password and click OK.
4. Click Apply.

Encrypting SSO Configuration Files

Use the SSO encryption options to protect vulnerable passwords in the SSO configuration files that are installed on your server. These passwords are not encrypted by default; therefore, to properly secure your installation, select an encryption algorithm and encrypt your SSO configuration files.

You can apply SSO encryption on all of your SBM servers to encrypt the SSO configuration files that are installed on each server.

After you change any of the encryption settings, you are prompted to restart the SBM Tomcat service for the changes to take effect.

Overriding SSO URLs

Click Override to change the default SSO URLs. This enables you to configure access through your company firewall as necessary. For example, if you need to override the internal hostname and port in the gsoap URL for servers that are beyond the firewall, you can change those values here.

You might also override the SSO URLs in the event that you want to use the IIS filter plugin instead of Tomcat to filter requests. You can modify the URLs to override the SSO login page to use IIS (via port 80) instead of Tomcat so that IIS initially handles the authentication request and then passes the information to SSO.

To override the default SSO URLs:

1. Click Override.

   The override dialog box appears.

2. In the dialog box, change the URL value as desired. Refer to the sample Template URL to view the required syntax for the URL.
3. Click Test Connection to validate the URL. If the URL is valid, a Connection successful message appears.
4. Click the Override button to save your changes.

   The new URL value is displayed in the list of URLs.

5. Click Override to change the URL again, or click [Reset to default] to undo your changes and use the default SSO URL.
6. Click Apply.

Single Server Installation

To enable client certificate authentication, you must configure SSL for IIS and Tomcat first according to the steps in Configuring SSL and Configuring SSL. The SSL port that you specify on the IIS Server tab is used on the Client Certificate Authentication tab. The server SSL port that you specify for Tomcat must be different than the port that is used for client certificate authentication.

To enable client certificate authentication in a single server installation:

1. Import or select an existing server certificate to establish SSL on the IIS Server and Tomcat Server tabs.
2. Click the Security tab, and then open the Client Certificate Authentication sub-tab.
3. Select the Enable SSL Client Certificate Authentication check box.
4. In the IIS section, click Generate Client Certificate to create a new certificate and key pair for IIS.
5. In the Tomcat section, click Generate Client Certificate to create a new certificate and key pair for Tomcat.
6. On the Component Servers tab, select Use HTTPS on port in the IIS section.
7. Click Apply in SBM Configurator.
8. In SBM Application Repository, update the Application Engine server URL for your environment, the target servers URLs, and any internal endpoints to use HTTPS with the client certificate authentication port. After you have updated the environment and any endpoints, redeploy your process apps.
9. Follow the steps in Client Certificate Authentication with SBM Composer to secure connections from SBM Composer.

Distributed Installation

To enable client certificate authentication between components in a distributed installation:

1. Configure SSL on your IIS and Tomcat servers by importing or selecting an existing server certificate on the IIS Server and Tomcat Server tabs.
2. On each IIS and Tomcat server:
   1. Click the Security tab, and then open the Client Certificate Authentication sub-tab.
   2. Select the Enable SSL Client Certificate Authentication check box.
   3. Click Generate Client Certificate.
3. On the IIS server, open the Component Servers tab, and then select Use HTTPS on port in the IIS section.

   If you are using the Configuration Settings database to store the configuration from all servers in a centralized location, click Update From Database, and then Apply on your other servers. You have now successfully secured your entire installation.

   If you are not using the Configuration Settings database, proceed with the next step.

4. On each Tomcat server, click the Export button at the bottom of SBM Configurator. Save the configuration snapshot file on each Tomcat server.
5. Copy the snapshot files from each Tomcat server to the IIS server.
6. On the IIS server, click the Import button at the bottom of SBM Configurator and import the snapshot files from each Tomcat server.
7. Once all the snapshots have been imported on the IIS server, click the Export button at the bottom of SBM Configurator. Save the configuration snapshot file on the IIS server.
8. Copy the snapshot file from the IIS server to each Tomcat server.
9. On each Tomcat server, click the Import button at the bottom of SBM Configurator, and then import the snapshot file from the IIS server.
10. Click Apply in each instance of SBM Configurator.
11. In SBM Application Repository, update the Application Engine server URL for your environment, the target servers URLs, and any internal endpoints to use HTTPS with the client certificate authentication port. For example:

    https://serverName:443/gsoap/gsoap_ssl.dll?sbminternalservices72

    https://serverName:8443/jbpm-bpel/services/DeployService

    https://serverName:8443/eventmanager/services/ALFAdmin

    After you have updated the environment and any endpoints, redeploy your process apps.
12. Follow the steps in Client Certificate Authentication with SBM Composer to secure connections from SBM Composer.

If you do not want to export and import configuration snapshots to establish client certificate authentication, you can use the Export Client Certificate and Import Client Certificate buttons to establish trust between your IIS and Tomcat servers. In the Export dialog box, you can export just the public certificate, you can export the public and private certificates (for example, if you want to clone the certificate on multiple Tomcat servers).

Client Certificate Authentication with SBM Composer

To finish the client certificate authentication setup between your SBM components, you must configure each instance of SBM Composer by generating or importing a public and private key certificate into the client user's personal key store, and then importing the public key certificate from that key pair in the Application Repository and SSO servers. This creates a client trust between each SBM Composer client and the Tomcat servers in your installation.

The process for establishing client trust is flexible. For example:

• You can generate a certificate that contains a private and public key pair on each SBM Composer machine, export the public key certificate from each SBM Composer machine, and then import all the public key certificates on the Application Repository and SSO servers.

  This ensures each client machine has a unique key pair; if one key pair is lost it does not impact all the other client machines. However, you must ensure that all of the public keys from each key pair are imported on the Application Repository and SSO servers.

• You can generate a certificate that contains a private and public key pair on one SBM Composer machine, export the key pair certificate, import the key pair certificate on your remaining SBM Composer machines, and then import the public key certificate on the Application Repository and SSO servers.

  This means that the key pair that is used by all clients is imported only once on your Application Repository and SSO servers; however, if the private key is compromised, all client machines are impacted.

• You can use the same private and public key pair for a set of SBM Composer machines if necessary, and have other clients use unique private and public key pairs.
• You can use a Smart Card certificate for client certificate authentication with SBM Composer. Follow the steps in Using Smart Card Authentication with SBM Composer to make the Smart Card certificate available for use on the Client Certificate Administration tab.
  Important: If you decide to use the Smart Card certificate for client certificate authentication from SBM Composer, you must export the public certificate from your personal store, and then import it in SBM Configurator on the SSO and Application Repository servers.

Before you begin configuring client certificate authentication for your SBM Composer, consult your IT department and decide which strategy will satisfy your security needs.

The following steps describe the process for creating private and public key pairs on each SBM Composer machine.

To enable client certificate authentication in SBM Composer:

1. Ensure each SBM Composer instance can connect to Application Repository using SSL. This means you have configured SSL for the Application Repository server by generating or importing a server certificate on the Tomcat Servers tab, and connections are made to Application Repository over HTTPS using the Secure connection check box in SBM Composer.
   Tip: If your Tomcat server SSL certificate is self-signed or signed by an authority that is not well-known, you must import the server's public certificate into the Trusted Root Certificate store on each SBM Composer machine using the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) or import the certificate by connecting to Application Repository via HTTPS from a Web browser and trusting the public certificate.
2. Open SBM Composer on a client machine, click File, select Composer Options, and then select Repository | Connection. Click the Advanced Security Setup button.

   Alternatively, navigate to the directory that contains the SBM Composer executable, and launch SBM Composer using the following command:

   Serena.Studio.Shell.Application  /ClientSideSSLSetup

   The Advanced Security Setup for SBM Composer dialog box appears. The dialog box lists all self-signed certificates that currently reside in the user's personal certificate store that contain both a private and public key.
3. Click New to create a new self-signed certificate that contains a new unique private and public key pair. Provide the following:
   • Select the Available in Composer check box to allow the SBM Composer user to select the certificate in the Repository Connection Settings dialog box when he or she attempts to connect to the repository.
   • Enter a Composer name for the certificate that will easily identify the certificate to the SBM Composer user. The Composer name is what appears to the user in SBM Composer (not the certificate's issued to, subject name, or friendly name).
     Tip: If SBM Composer will connect to only one repository, then giving the certificate a meaningful name is not necessary, and any name will suffice. However, if more than one certificate is flagged in the list as Available in Composer, consider naming the certificates in a way that distinguishes them (perhaps to identify which server they connect to).
   • Enter a Subject (CN) for the certificate. This is used to complete the certificate's friendly name.

   The new certificate is created and added to the user's personal certificate store.

4. Click Export, and then select Public Key Certificate. This option saves the public key to a DER-encoded binary X.509 (*.cer) public key file. You will import this file on the Application Repository and SSO servers to establish trust.

   You can export the public and private key pair from this machine and use it to secure other SBM Composer clients (instead of generating several unique key pairs on each machine). To export the key pair:

   1. Click Export, and then select Public and Private Key Certificate.
   2. Enter a password to secure the private key.
   3. Save the file locally, and then copy the .pfx file to your other SBM Composer machines.
   4. On each SBM Composer machine, open SBM Composer, click the Advanced Security Setup button, and then click the Import button.
   5. Select the .pfx file, and then enter password.
5. On the server or servers that host Application Repository and SSO, navigate to the Client Certificate Authentication sub-tab, and click the Manage Trusted Certificates button in the Tomcat section. Click Import Certificates, and then select the X.509 (*.cer) file that contains the public certificate from SBM Composer.
   Important: If you generated a unique key pair for multiple SBM Composer machines, you must repeat this step for each SBM Composer machine with a unique key pair. You must import the public certificate from each SBM Composer machine in order for Tomcat to trust that machine.
6. Click Apply in SBM Configurator.
7. In SBM Composer, open the Composer Options dialog box, and then click the Repository tab. Select the Use secure connection check box. The Client certificate drop-down becomes available.
8. Select the client certificate that is trusted by Application Repository in the Client certificate drop-down list.
9. Enter the client certificate authentication port for Tomcat (the default is 8443). This is the HTTPS port for client certificate authentication that is specified for Tomcat in the Client Certificate Authentication tab in SBM Configurator.
10. Click Test connection to verify that SBM Composer can connect to Application Repository.

Note the following additional options in the Advanced Security Setup for SBM Composer dialog box:

• Click the Show Filter button to only display certificates that match a certain string. In the Look for combo box, search for certificates by entering a string, and then click Find. Certificates with one or more properties that match the specified string are displayed. Click the Options button to specify whether to search details, match case, or match whole word.
• Click Edit if you need to rename the certificate or select the Available in Composer check box after the certificate has been created.
• If you import a self-signed certificate that contains multiple key pairs, you can select which key pair certificates should be imported. If one or more of the certificates (identified by thumbprint) already exist in the personal certificate store, a dialog box indicates the number of duplicate certificates that were skipped.
• Click the Properties button to view details of the self-signed certificates in the user's personal certificate store. You can also select a certificate in the list, right-click, and then select Properties.
• Press the F5 key to refresh the list of certificates if any changes have been made using the MMC console instead.

Troubleshooting Issues

If users experience connectivity issues or problems deploying process apps after client certificate authentication is configured, click the Advanced Settings button in the IIS section and configure the following:

• Send trusted authorities list

  Select this check box to ensure that the list of trusted root certificate authorities is sent to the client during the TLS/SSL handshake. This can fix connectivity issues for users who are trying to log in to the system.

• Buffer size

  Increase the client request size (in bytes) that IIS will buffer and pass to the SBM ISAPI extension. If users encounter a 413 Error: Request entity too large message when trying to deploy process apps, consider increasing the buffer size. For example, setting the buffer size to 100000000 bytes should allow deployment to finish.

About Using Anonymous Events

By default, SBM Orchestration Engine rejects anonymous events unless you select Allow Anonymous Events and provide an SBM user and password that the Event Manager will use for anonymous events that it receives.

For integrations that support it, configure Single Sign-On (SSO), to ensure that any events from the integrated system will be accompanied by a credential that represents the originating user. If SSO is not used, the event source must add an SBM credential to the event or it will be rejected. This ensures that the remote entity that sends the event can identify itself and that SBM will only process events from approved entities.

However, if you must use anonymous events, you can designate an anonymous event user in SBM Configurator, which allows SBM to process anonymous events if credentials are not provided. While this configuration is not recommended because the caller's identity is unknown, it does provide control over anonymous use by enabling you to change or de-authorize the anonymous user account if necessary.

SSO Trusted Certificates

To secure your integrations:

1. In the SSO Trusted Certificates section, select the product from the integrations drop-down list. Details for the current trusted certificate (if enabled) appear.
2. Select the Enable trusted certificate for SSO check box.
3. In the Trusted Certificate section, you can view, import, or export the trusted certificate.